J. Robert Oppenheimer ek aisa naam jinhone do desho (countries) ke beech hone wale war ko badal kar rakh diya. Oppenheimer hi wo insan hain jinko ‘Father of the Atomic Bomb‘ kaha jaata hai. Haal hi me inpar bani ek film bhi release hui, jiska naam bhi Oppenheimer hai aur is film ko Hollywood ke great director ‘Christopher Nolan’ ne direct kiya hai. To aaiye jaante hain J. Robert Oppenheimer ke life se judi kuch jariori chijo ko aaj ke is article ‘Everything about J. Robert Oppenheimer in Hindi’ me.
| Name | Julius Robert Oppenheimer |
| Born | April 22, 1904 Ney York City, U.S. |
| Parents | Ella Friedman (mother), Julius S. Oppenheimer (father) |
| Spouse | Katherine ‘Kitty’ Oppenheimer |
| Children | Peter Oppenheimer, Toni Oppenheimer |
| Known for | Development of Nuclear Weapons |
| Death | February 18, 1967 (age 62) |
| Reason of Death | Throat Cancer |
| Educational Institute | Harvard University (U.S.), University of Göttingen, (Germany), Christ’s College (England) |
| Movies and Biographies | Oppenheimer (2023), The Day After Trinity (1981), Hiroshima (1995), The Trails of J. Robert Oppenheimer (2008) etc |
Oppenheimer’s Family
- Oppenheimer ek German prawasi (immigrant) aur Jewish family se the.
- J. Robert Oppenheimer ke pita ‘Julius Oppenheimer’ textile imports ka business karte the.
- Inki maa ‘Ella Friedman’ ek painter thi.
- Inke chote bhai ‘Frank Oppenheimer’ bhi ek physicist the.
Educational Background
- J. Robert Oppenheimer ko Christ’s College, Cambridge se saal 1924 ko accept kiya gaya lakin wo waha khush nahi the. Unhone apne ek dost ko likha tha ki – I am having a pretty bad time. The lab work is a terrible bore, and I’m so bad at it that it is impossible to feel that I’m learning anything.
J. Robert Oppenheimer - Oppenheimer ne Chemistry ki padhai saal 1925 me Harvard University aur Physics me PhD University of Göttingen, Germany se saal 1927 me kiya hai.
- Inko padhai-likhai me kafi jyada man lagta tha. Inhone History, Literature, Philosophy aur Mathematics ki padhai bhi ki hai.
Oppenheimer’s Research
J. Robert Oppenheimer ne kaafi important research kiya tha Theoretical astronomy, Nuclear physics, Spectroscopy aur Quantum field theory me.
Manhattan Project
- 9 October, 1941 United States ke World War II me shamil hone ke 2 mahine pehle us waqt ke US President ‘Franklin D. Roosevelt’ ne atomic bomb banane ke project ko manjoori di.
- May 1942, National Defence Research Committee ke chairman James B. Conant jo ki Oppenheimer ke Harvard University me lecturer bhi the. Unhone Oppenheimer ko is project me shamil hone ke liye invite kiya.
- June 1942, US army ne atomic bomb ke project me apne part ko handle karne ke liye Manhattan engineer district ko sthapit (established) kiya aur is project ki responsibility ko ‘The Office of Science Research and Development’ se lekar military ko de diya.
- September 1942, Leslie Groves ko Manhattan project ka director banaya gaya aur phir inhone Oppenheimer ko is project ke secret weapons laboratory ka head bana diya.
- Leslie Groves ke Oppenheimer ko secret weapons laboratory ka head banane ki khabar se kafi log surprised the. Kyuki Oppenheimer ke left-wing political views the aur Oppenheimer ko is tarah ke bade project ko lead karne ka koi experience nahi tha.
- Oppenheimer aur Groves ne ye mehsoos kiya ki is project ke security, secrecy aur ek sath kaam karne ke liye unko ek secret research laboratory ki jaroorat padegi. Is laboratory ki jagah unhone ‘Los Alamos, New Mexico, US’ me final ki. Aur is “Los Alamos National Laboratory” jaha pe nuclear bomb par research ho raha tha is laboratory ke head J. Robert Oppenheimer the.
Trinity
- Aakhirkar duniya ka pehla nuclear explosion/bomb Alamogordo, New Mexico U.S. me 16 July, 1945 ko hua. Oppenheimer ne is explosion ke sate ka codename “Trinity” rakha.
- J. Robert Oppenheimer ne ‘John Donne’ ki poetry se inspired hokar is codename ko rakha jiska Christianity me matlab hai ki- The unity of Father, Son and Holy Spirit as three persons in one Godhead.
Reaction After Explosion
- Oppenheimer ne aage chalkar bataya ki jab wo atomic explosion ko dekh rahe the tab unke dimag me Bhagwad Gita ka ek verse aaya tha.
- J. Robert Oppenheimer ne kayi saalo baad T.V. par bataya ki is explosion ke waqt unke dimag me ek aur Bhagwad Gita ka verse aaya tha aur ye clip social media par kaafi jyada viral ho raha hai.
- Atomic explosion ko dekhne ke liye kayi aur log bhi Oppenheimer ke sath control bunker me maujood the jinme inke chote bhai Frank Oppenheimer bhi shamil the. Frank ne bataya explosion dekhte hue J. Robert Oppenheimer ka first words ye tha ki- “I guess it worked.”
Some Other Facts Related to J. Robert Oppenheimer
- World War II me Hiroshima aur Nagasaki, Japan par giraye gaye atomic bomb ki tabahi ko dekhkar Oppenheimer hydrogen bomb ke khilaf ho gaye the.
- Ye jaankar aap kafi hairan honge ki J. Robert Oppenheimer hi wo pehle insan the jinhone blackholes ke hone ka claim kiya tha.
- Oppenheimer ek sharmila (shy) personality hone ke bawajood unki love life kafi colourful thi. Unki Katherine ‘Katty’ Oppenheimer se shadi-shuda (married) hone ke bawajood psychologist Ruth Sherman aur Communist Party of America ki member Jean Taltock se affairs ki baate samne aa chuki hai.
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- Christopher Nolan ki ‘Oppenheimer’ film Pulitzer (Highest National Honor in Journalism, Literary achivement and Musical composition) winning book “American Prometheus” par based hai.
- J. Robert Oppenheimer Physics ki Nobel prize ke liye 3 baar nominate hue hain- 1946, 1951 aur 1967. Lakin wo is prize ko jeet nahi sake.
- Albert Einstein aur Leo Szilard ne 6 January, 1939 ko us waqt ke US President Franklin D. Roosevelt ko letter likh kar ye warning di thi ki- Hitler/Germany shayad atomic bomb banane ki koshish kar rahe hai isliye US ko bhi apna Nuclear Program jaldi-se-ladki shuru karna chahiye. Is letter par turant react karte hue Roosevelt ne US ka nuclear program launch kar diya.
- US World War II me direct shamil nahi hona chahta tha lakin Japan ke Pearl Harbor par attack kiye jaane ke baad US bhi World War II me shamil ho gaya.
- Hiroshima aur Nagasaki par ki gayi atomic bombing Pearl Harbor par kiye gaye attack ka badla tha.
- 18 February, 1967 ko J. Robert Oppenheimer ki maut (death) Throat Cancer (gale ke cancer) se ho gayi.
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Final Words
To ye thi J. Robert Oppenheimer se judi bohot hi jaroori baate. Unki atomic bomb banane ke karan duniya me war karne ka dhang hi change ho gaya. Ab countries jinke pass nuclear bomb hai wo aapas me war karne se pehle 100 baar sochte hain. Kyuki hum sabhi jaante hai ki Nagasaki aur Hiroshima ka kya haal hua tha. Is article ‘Everything about J. Robert Oppenheimer in Hindi’ ko apne friends aur family ke sath jaroor share kare.